Romania
Europe
Key facts
- Capital
- Bucharest
- Population
- 19,020,271
- 2025
- Area
- 238,397 km²
- Official language
- Romanian
- Currency
- Romanian Leu
- RON
- GDP per capita
- US$22,538
- 2025
- Dual citizenship
- Allowed
- Romania permits dual citizenship in both directions; Romanian citizenship is lost only by withdrawal or approved renunciation.
Romania (Europe) has data on 11/14 Prosperous Intelligence indices. Strongest relative position: Passport Index — #13/198 (89.9/100). Lowest relative position: Cost of Living Index — #117/200 (64.7/100). The passport ranks #13/198 and reaches 190 destinations without a consular visa in advance. Global Citizenship Score 74.1/100 (#50/199). On the entry side, 92/197 passports can enter Romania without a consular visa in advance. The dataset records 2 active citizenship and residence programmes in Romania.
Scores on 11 indices
- Health & Longevity68.7
- Safety & Stability80.4
- Economy & Income67.9
- Education64.8
- Environment & Clean Water73.6
- Infrastructure87.8
- Digital Connectivity73.2
- Equality68.2
- Learning Quality58.1
- Educational Attainment81.4
- Expected Years of Schooling62.3
- Education Spending54.2
- Basic Access68.2
- Violent Crime98.1
- Stability & Absence of Terrorism65.6
- Law Enforcement & Order61.7
- Road Safety75.9
- Absence of Armed Conflict100.0
- Health Outcomes86.9
- Coverage & Access84.0
- Health Workforce & Facilities68.6
- Spending & Investment21.9
- Financial Protection70.9
- Personal Income Tax81.8
- Capital Gains & Dividends77.0
- System & Incentives72.0
- Net Wealth Tax100.0
- Inheritance & Gift Tax100.0
- Corporate & Social Security56.6
- Rule of Law & Property Rights53.6
- Political Stability65.6
- Institutions & Regulation60.7
- Financial Soundness63.3
- Monetary Stability48.3
- Freedom of Capital Movement100.0
- Education64.8
- Healthcare68.7
- Safety80.4
- Quality of Life72.2
- Cost of living64.7
- Passport89.9
- Passport89.9
- Quality of Life72.2
- Safety80.4
- Healthcare68.7
- Purchasing power & price stability63.6
- Education64.8
- Wealth Protection63.0
- Tax81.3
- Cost of living64.7
- Healthcare68.7
- Safety80.4
- Quality of Life72.2
- Tax81.3
- Wealth Protection63.0
- Affordable Prices71.7
- Price Stability48.3
- Purchasing power67.4
At a glance
Entering Romania
- Visa-free: 92 passports
- Visa on arrival: 0 passports
- eTA: 0 passports
- e-Visa: 0 passports
- Consular visa required: 105 passports
Regional position and data sources
- First in Europe on 0/11 indices
- Above the regional median on 3/11 indices
- Each index lists its source and data date on the Data sources page
Citizenship and residence programmes in the dataset
- Long-stay visa/residence for commercial (business) activities
- Long-stay Visa for Digital Nomads
Frequently asked questions about Romania
What is the capital of Romania?
The capital of Romania is Bucharest.
What is the population of Romania?
According to the World Bank, Romania had a population of 19,020,271 in 2025.
What is the official language of Romania?
The official language of Romania is Romanian.
What currency does Romania use?
Romania uses the Romanian Leu (RON).
Does Romania allow dual citizenship?
Romania permits dual citizenship in both directions; Romanian citizenship is lost only by withdrawal or approved renunciation.
How strong is the Romania passport?
The Romania passport ranks #13 of 198 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Passport Index and reaches 190 destinations without applying for a consular visa in advance (visa-free, visa on arrival or eTA).
How many destinations require a visa for Romania passport holders?
Holders of the Romania passport must apply for a consular visa before travelling to 23 destinations and need an e-Visa for 34. Full list: Romania passport page.
How many passports can enter Romania without applying for a visa in advance?
92 of 197 passports can enter Romania without applying for a consular visa in advance: 92 visa-free. 105 must apply for a consular visa.
What citizenship and residency programmes does Romania offer?
The Prosperous Intelligence dataset records 2 active citizenship and residency programmes in Romania: Long-stay visa/residence for commercial (business) activities and Long-stay Visa for Digital Nomads. Details: Opportunity Map.
How long does an application take in Romania?
In Romania, an application under Long-stay Visa for Digital Nomads takes about 0–2 months (reference processing time).
How long does it take to become a citizen of Romania through these programmes?
Through Long-stay Visa for Digital Nomads, citizenship of Romania is possible after about 8 years (reference time).
How many days a year do you need to spend in Romania?
In Romania, Long-stay Visa for Digital Nomads requires 183 days of physical presence a year (reference figure).
Can family members join programmes in Romania?
All 2 programmes can include spouse and children under 18.
Where is Romania strongest and weakest in Prosperous Intelligence’s indices?
Relative to other countries, Romania is strongest on the Passport Index (#13 of 198) and weakest on the Cost of Living Index (#117 of 200).
How does Romania rank for quality of life?
Romania scores 72.2/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Quality of Life Index, ranking #68 of 211.
Is Romania expensive to live in?
Romania scores 64.7/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Cost of Living Index, ranking #117 of 200. This is the affordability-of-living-costs score: a higher score means lower prices.
How safe is Romania?
Romania scores 80.4/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Global Safety Index, ranking #68 of 203.
How does Romania rank for healthcare?
Romania scores 68.7/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Healthcare Index, ranking #51 of 192.
How does Romania rank for education?
Romania scores 64.8/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Education Index, ranking #91 of 191.
How does Romania rank on taxes?
Romania scores 81.3/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Tax Freedom Index, ranking #47 of 145. Detailed tax rates: Tax Freedom Index.
What the profile contains
- Key facts from government and international sources
- Scores and global ranks on 11 Prosperous Intelligence indices
- Entry rules, passport strength and residency programmes
Why the profile matters
- Compare one country across many criteria on a single page
- Not a substitute for legal, tax or investment advice
Method
- How each index is scored and weighted
- The limits of the data and how to check official sources
