Luxembourg
Europe
Key facts
- Capital
- Luxembourg
- Population
- 686,970
- 2025
- Area
- 2,590 km²
- Official languages
- Luxembourgish, French, German
- Currency
- Euro
- EUR
- GDP per capita
- US$147,252
- 2025
- Dual citizenship
- Allowed
- Dual citizenship has been permitted in both directions since 1 January 2009.
Luxembourg (Europe) has data on 12/14 Prosperous Intelligence indices. Strongest relative position: Wealth Protection Index — #4/205 (91.1/100). Lowest relative position: Cost of Living Index — #180/200 (36.8/100). The passport ranks #4/198 and reaches 201 destinations without a consular visa in advance. Global Citizenship Score 83.7/100 (#9/199). On the entry side, 92/197 passports can enter Luxembourg without a consular visa in advance. The dataset records 2 active citizenship and residence programmes in Luxembourg.
Scores on 12 indices
- Health & Longevity83.8
- Safety & Stability96.1
- Economy & Income78.4
- Education71.9
- Environment & Clean Water72.1
- Infrastructure94.0
- Digital Connectivity84.3
- Equality70.8
- Learning Quality80.5
- Educational Attainment88.4
- Expected Years of Schooling50.3
- Education Spending68.6
- Basic Access61.6
- Violent Crime97.1
- Stability & Absence of Terrorism91.9
- Law Enforcement & Order100.0
- Road Safety93.1
- Absence of Armed Conflict100.0
- Health Outcomes98.1
- Coverage & Access90.9
- Health Workforce & Facilities64.8
- Spending & Investment66.3
- Financial Protection91.9
- Personal Income Tax23.6
- Capital Gains & Dividends79.0
- System & Incentives45.0
- Net Wealth Tax100.0
- Inheritance & Gift Tax100.0
- Corporate & Social Security38.1
- Rule of Law & Property Rights100.0
- Political Stability91.9
- Institutions & Regulation100.0
- Financial Soundness68.6
- Monetary Stability81.3
- Freedom of Capital Movement100.0
- Education71.9
- Healthcare83.8
- Safety96.1
- Quality of Life80.8
- Cost of living36.8
- Passport95.7
- Passport95.7
- Quality of Life80.8
- Safety96.1
- Healthcare83.8
- Purchasing power & price stability73.7
- Education71.9
- Wealth Protection91.1
- Tax61.2
- Cost of living36.8
- Healthcare83.8
- Safety96.1
- Quality of Life80.8
- Tax61.2
- Wealth Protection91.1
- Affordable Prices17.8
- Price Stability81.3
- Purchasing power71.8
At a glance
Entering Luxembourg
- Visa-free: 92 passports
- Visa on arrival: 0 passports
- eTA: 0 passports
- e-Visa: 0 passports
- Consular visa required: 105 passports
Regional position and data sources
- First in Europe on 0/12 indices
- Above the regional median on 7/12 indices
- Each index lists its source and data date on the Data sources page
Citizenship and residence programmes in the dataset
- Residence permit for self-employed / investor (third-country nationals)
- Investor Residence Permit
Frequently asked questions about Luxembourg
What is the capital of Luxembourg?
The capital of Luxembourg is Luxembourg.
What is the population of Luxembourg?
According to the World Bank, Luxembourg had a population of 686,970 in 2025.
What are the official languages of Luxembourg?
The official languages of Luxembourg are Luxembourgish, French and German.
What currency does Luxembourg use?
Luxembourg uses the Euro (EUR).
Does Luxembourg allow dual citizenship?
Dual citizenship has been permitted in both directions since 1 January 2009.
How strong is the Luxembourg passport?
The Luxembourg passport ranks #4 of 198 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Passport Index and reaches 201 destinations without applying for a consular visa in advance (visa-free, visa on arrival or eTA).
How many destinations require a visa for Luxembourg passport holders?
Holders of the Luxembourg passport must apply for a consular visa before travelling to 14 destinations and need an e-Visa for 32. Full list: Luxembourg passport page.
How many passports can enter Luxembourg without applying for a visa in advance?
92 of 197 passports can enter Luxembourg without applying for a consular visa in advance: 92 visa-free. 105 must apply for a consular visa.
What citizenship and residency programmes does Luxembourg offer?
The Prosperous Intelligence dataset records 2 active citizenship and residency programmes in Luxembourg: Residence permit for self-employed / investor (third-country nationals) and Investor Residence Permit. Details: Opportunity Map.
What is the minimum investment for residency or citizenship in Luxembourg?
In Luxembourg, Residence permit for self-employed / investor (third-country nationals) requires a minimum investment of US$540,000 and Investor Residence Permit requires starting from US$540,000 (reference USD conversion).
How long does an application take in Luxembourg?
In Luxembourg, an application under Residence permit for self-employed / investor (third-country nationals) takes about 2–4 months and Investor Residence Permit about 3–6 months (reference processing time).
How long does it take to become a citizen of Luxembourg through these programmes?
Through Residence permit for self-employed / investor (third-country nationals), citizenship of Luxembourg is possible after about 5 years, after a period of permanent residence; through Investor Residence Permit, citizenship of Luxembourg is possible after about 5 years, after a period of permanent residence (reference time).
Can family members join programmes in Luxembourg?
All 2 programmes can include spouse and children under 18.
Where is Luxembourg strongest and weakest in Prosperous Intelligence’s indices?
Relative to other countries, Luxembourg is strongest on the Wealth Protection Index (#4 of 205) and weakest on the Cost of Living Index (#180 of 200).
How does Luxembourg rank for quality of life?
Luxembourg scores 80.8/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Quality of Life Index, ranking #31 of 211.
Is Luxembourg expensive to live in?
Luxembourg scores 36.8/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Cost of Living Index, ranking #180 of 200. This is the affordability-of-living-costs score: a higher score means lower prices.
How safe is Luxembourg?
Luxembourg scores 96.1/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Global Safety Index, ranking #6 of 203.
How does Luxembourg rank for healthcare?
Luxembourg scores 83.8/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Healthcare Index, ranking #17 of 192.
How does Luxembourg rank for education?
Luxembourg scores 71.9/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Education Index, ranking #55 of 191.
How does Luxembourg rank on taxes?
Luxembourg scores 61.2/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Tax Freedom Index, ranking #107 of 145. Detailed tax rates: Tax Freedom Index.
What the profile contains
- Key facts from government and international sources
- Scores and global ranks on 12 Prosperous Intelligence indices
- Entry rules, passport strength and residency programmes
Why the profile matters
- Compare one country across many criteria on a single page
- Not a substitute for legal, tax or investment advice
Method
- How each index is scored and weighted
- The limits of the data and how to check official sources
