Estonia
Europe
Key facts
- Capital
- Tallinn
- Population
- 1,366,475
- 2025
- Area
- 45,340 km²
- Official language
- Estonian
- Currency
- Euro
- EUR
- GDP per capita
- US$34,418
- 2025
- Dual citizenship
- Allowed with conditions
- Estonia bans dual citizenship for naturalised citizens, who must give up prior citizenship, but Estonians by birth cannot be deprived of their citizenship.
Estonia (Europe) has data on 11/14 Prosperous Intelligence indices. Strongest relative position: Education Index — #5/191 (87.9/100). Lowest relative position: Cost of Living Index — #164/200 (44.3/100). The passport ranks #10/198 and reaches 195 destinations without a consular visa in advance. Global Citizenship Score 79.4/100 (#30/199). On the entry side, 92/197 passports can enter Estonia without a consular visa in advance. The dataset records 4 active citizenship and residence programmes in Estonia.
Scores on 11 indices
- Health & Longevity72.6
- Safety & Stability92.1
- Economy & Income62.7
- Education87.9
- Environment & Clean Water82.2
- Infrastructure94.3
- Digital Connectivity79.3
- Equality80.9
- Learning Quality100.0
- Educational Attainment93.3
- Expected Years of Schooling76.8
- Education Spending75.7
- Basic Access84.8
- Violent Crime97.1
- Stability & Absence of Terrorism81.2
- Law Enforcement & Order93.2
- Road Safety92.0
- Absence of Armed Conflict100.0
- Health Outcomes93.4
- Coverage & Access91.4
- Health Workforce & Facilities51.3
- Spending & Investment40.6
- Financial Protection73.2
- Personal Income Tax60.0
- Capital Gains & Dividends67.0
- System & Incentives72.0
- Net Wealth Tax100.0
- Inheritance & Gift Tax100.0
- Corporate & Social Security56.5
- Rule of Law & Property Rights92.5
- Political Stability81.2
- Institutions & Regulation87.3
- Financial Soundness67.9
- Monetary Stability48.7
- Freedom of Capital Movement100.0
- Education87.9
- Healthcare72.6
- Safety92.1
- Quality of Life80.7
- Cost of living44.3
- Passport92.6
- Passport92.6
- Quality of Life80.7
- Safety92.1
- Healthcare72.6
- Purchasing power & price stability45.0
- Education87.9
- Wealth Protection80.7
- Tax74.1
- Cost of living44.3
- Healthcare72.6
- Safety92.1
- Quality of Life80.7
- Tax74.1
- Wealth Protection80.7
- Affordable Prices42.4
- Price Stability48.7
- Purchasing power44.1
At a glance
Entering Estonia
- Visa-free: 92 passports
- Visa on arrival: 0 passports
- eTA: 0 passports
- e-Visa: 0 passports
- Consular visa required: 105 passports
Regional position and data sources
- First in Europe on 0/11 indices
- Above the regional median on 7/11 indices
- Each index lists its source and data date on the Data sources page
Citizenship and residence programmes in the dataset
- TRP for enterprise (investor/self-employed)
- Digital Nomad Visa
- Estonian Startup Visa
- and 1 more programmes
Frequently asked questions about Estonia
What is the capital of Estonia?
The capital of Estonia is Tallinn.
What is the population of Estonia?
According to the World Bank, Estonia had a population of 1,366,475 in 2025.
What is the official language of Estonia?
The official language of Estonia is Estonian.
What currency does Estonia use?
Estonia uses the Euro (EUR).
Does Estonia allow dual citizenship?
Estonia bans dual citizenship for naturalised citizens, who must give up prior citizenship, but Estonians by birth cannot be deprived of their citizenship.
How strong is the Estonia passport?
The Estonia passport ranks #10 of 198 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Passport Index and reaches 195 destinations without applying for a consular visa in advance (visa-free, visa on arrival or eTA).
How many destinations require a visa for Estonia passport holders?
Holders of the Estonia passport must apply for a consular visa before travelling to 18 destinations and need an e-Visa for 34. Full list: Estonia passport page.
How many passports can enter Estonia without applying for a visa in advance?
92 of 197 passports can enter Estonia without applying for a consular visa in advance: 92 visa-free. 105 must apply for a consular visa.
What citizenship and residency programmes does Estonia offer?
The Prosperous Intelligence dataset records 4 active citizenship and residency programmes in Estonia: TRP for enterprise (investor/self-employed), Digital Nomad Visa, Estonian Startup Visa and 1 more. Details: Opportunity Map.
How long does an application take in Estonia?
In Estonia, an application under TRP for enterprise (investor/self-employed) takes about 2–4 months, Digital Nomad Visa about 0–1 months and Estonian Startup Visa about 1–3 months (reference processing time).
How long does it take to become a citizen of Estonia through these programmes?
Through Estonian Startup Visa, citizenship of Estonia is possible after about 8 years, after a period of permanent residence (reference time).
How many days a year do you need to spend in Estonia?
In Estonia, Digital Nomad Visa requires 183 days of physical presence a year and Estonian Startup Visa 0 days (reference figure).
Can family members join programmes in Estonia?
All 3 programmes can include spouse and children under 18.
Where is Estonia strongest and weakest in Prosperous Intelligence’s indices?
Relative to other countries, Estonia is strongest on the Education Index (#5 of 191) and weakest on the Cost of Living Index (#164 of 200).
How does Estonia rank for quality of life?
Estonia scores 80.7/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Quality of Life Index, ranking #33 of 211.
Is Estonia expensive to live in?
Estonia scores 44.3/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Cost of Living Index, ranking #164 of 200. This is the affordability-of-living-costs score: a higher score means lower prices.
How safe is Estonia?
Estonia scores 92.1/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Global Safety Index, ranking #21 of 203.
How does Estonia rank for healthcare?
Estonia scores 72.6/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Healthcare Index, ranking #36 of 192.
How does Estonia rank for education?
Estonia scores 87.9/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Education Index, ranking #5 of 191.
How does Estonia rank on taxes?
Estonia scores 74.1/100 on Prosperous Intelligence’s Tax Freedom Index, ranking #60 of 145. Detailed tax rates: Tax Freedom Index.
What the profile contains
- Key facts from government and international sources
- Scores and global ranks on 11 Prosperous Intelligence indices
- Entry rules, passport strength and residency programmes
Why the profile matters
- Compare one country across many criteria on a single page
- Not a substitute for legal, tax or investment advice
Method
- How each index is scored and weighted
- The limits of the data and how to check official sources
